Malachi

Introduction to Malachi

Yahweh’s Love for Jacob

[Mal 1:2 LSB] "I have loved you," says Yahweh. But you say, "How have You loved us?" "[Was] not Esau Jacob's brother?" declares Yahweh. "Yet I have loved Jacob;

[Mal 1:3 LSB] but I have hated Esau, and I have set his mountains [to be] a desolation and his inheritance for the jackals of the wilderness."

The Priests Defile Yahweh

[Mal 1:6 LSB] "'A son honors [his] father, and a slave his master. Then if I am a father, where is My honor? And if I am a master, where is the fear of Me?' says Yahweh of hosts to you, O priests who despise My name. But you say, 'How have we despised Your name?'

[Mal 1:7 LSB] "[You] are presenting defiled food upon My altar. But you say, 'How have we defiled You?' In that you say, 'The table of Yahweh is to be despised.'

I Will Curse Your Blessings

[Mal 2:8 LSB] "But as for you, you have turned aside from the way; you have caused many to stumble by the instruction; you have corrupted the covenant of Levi," says Yahweh of hosts.

[Mal 2:9 LSB] "So I also have made you despised and low before all the people, just as you are not keeping My ways but are showing partiality in the instruction.

Judah Profaned the Covenant

[Mal 2:17 LSB] You have wearied Yahweh with your words. But you say, "How have we wearied [Him]?" In that you say, "Everyone who does evil is good in the sight of Yahweh, and He delights in them," or, "Where is the God of justice?"

The Messenger and the Lord

[Mal 3:1 LSB] "Behold, I am going to send My messenger, and he will prepare the way before Me. And the Lord, whom you seek, will suddenly come to His temple; and the messenger of the covenant, in whom you delight, behold, He is coming," says Yahweh of hosts.

[Mar 1:2 LSB] As it is written in Isaiah the prophet: "BEHOLD, I SEND MY MESSENGER AHEAD OF YOU, WHO WILL PREPARE YOUR WAY;

[Mar 1:3 LSB] THE VOICE OF ONE CRYING IN THE WILDERNESS, 'MAKE READY THE WAY OF THE LORD, MAKE HIS PATHS STRAIGHT.'"

[Mal 3:3 LSB] "And He will sit as a smelter and purifier of silver, and He will purify the sons of Levi and refine them like gold and silver, so that they may present to Yahweh offerings in righteousness.

[1Pe 2:5 LSB] you also, as living stones, are being built up as a spiritual house for a holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.

[1Pe 1:6-7 LSB] 

In this you greatly rejoice, even though now for a little while, if necessary, you have been grieved by various trials,

so that the proof of your faith, [being] more precious than gold which is perishable, even though tested by fire, may be found to result in praise and glory and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ.

You Have Robbed God

[Mal 3:8 LSB] "Will a man rob God? Yet you are robbing Me! But you say, 'How have we robbed You?' In tithes and contributions.

What Does the Bible Say about Christian Tithing? R. C. Sproul

Arrogant Words

The Book of Remembrance

[Mal 3:16-18 LSB] 

Then those who feared Yahweh spoke to one another, and Yahweh gave heed and heard [it], and a book of remembrance was written before Him for those who fear Yahweh and who think upon His name. 

"And they will be Mine," says Yahweh of hosts, "on the day that I prepare [My] own treasured possession, and I will spare them as a man spares his own son who serves him." 

So you will return and see [the distinction] between the righteous and the wicked, between one who serves God and one who does not serve Him.

The Great Day of Yahweh

[Mal 4:5-6 LSB]

 

"Behold, I am going to send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and awesome day of Yahweh.

 

"And he will turn the hearts of the fathers to [their] children and the hearts of the children to their fathers, lest I come and strike the land, devoting it to destruction."

Zechariah

Introduction to Zechariah

The Chapters of Zechariah

1. Oracles and Visions (1:1–8:23)

    a. Introduction: return to me and I will return to you (1:1–6)

        Return to Me, Declares Yahweh

[Zec 1:3 LSB] "Therefore say to them, 'Thus says Yahweh of hosts, "Return to Me," declares Yahweh of hosts, "that I may return to you," says Yahweh of hosts. 

 

[Jas 4:8 LSB] Draw near to God and He will draw near to you. Cleanse your hands, you sinners, and purify your hearts, you double-minded.

    b. Eight night visions and a sign-act (1:7–6:15)

        A Man on a Red Horse

[Zec 1:12 LSB] Then the angel of Yahweh answered and said, "O Yahweh of hosts, how long will You have no compassion for Jerusalem and the cities of Judah, with which You have been indignant these seventy years?" 

[Zec 1:17 LSB] "Again, call out, saying, 'Thus says Yahweh of hosts, "My cities will again overflow with good, and Yahweh will again comfort Zion and again choose Jerusalem."'

        Four Horns and Craftsmen

        A Man with a Measuring Cord

[Zec 2:8 LSB] For thus says Yahweh of hosts, "After glory He has sent Me against the nations which have taken you as spoil, for he who touches you, touches the apple of His eye.

        The High Priest and a Branch

[Zec 3:8 LSB] 'Now listen, Joshua the high priest, you and your friends who are sitting in front of you--indeed they are men who are a wondrous sign, for behold, I am going to bring in My servant the Branch.

[Zec 3:9 LSB] 'For behold, the stone that I have put before Joshua; on one stone are seven eyes. Behold, I will engrave an inscription on it,' declares Yahweh of hosts, 'and I will remove the iniquity of that land in one day.

[Zec 3:10 LSB] 'In that day,' declares Yahweh of hosts, 'every one of you will call for his neighbor to [sit] under [his] vine and under [his] fig tree.'"

The Golden Lampstand

[Zec 4:2-3 LSB] And he said to me, "What do you see?" And I said, "I see, and behold, a lampstand all of gold with its bowl on the top of it, and its seven lamps on it with seven spouts belonging to each of the lamps which are on the top of it, also two olive trees by it, one on the right side of the bowl and the other on its left side." 

 

[Zec 4:6 LSB] Then he answered and spoke to me, saying, "This is the word of Yahweh to Zerubbabel, saying, 'Not by might nor by power, but by My Spirit,' says Yahweh of hosts.

 

[Zec 4:14 LSB] Then he said, "These are the two anointed ones who are standing by the Lord of all the earth."

A Flying Scroll 

[Zec 5:3 LSB] Then he said to me, "This is the curse that is going forth over the face of the whole land; surely everyone who steals will be purged away according to the writing on one side, and everyone who swears will be purged away according to the writing on the other side.

A Woman in an Ephah

[Zec 5:8 LSB] Then he said, "This is Wickedness!" And he threw her down into the middle of the ephah and threw the lead weight on its opening.

[Zec 5:11 LSB]Then he said to me, "To build a house for her in the land of Shinar; and when it is prepared, she will be set there on her own pedestal."

Four Chariots

[Zec 6:5 LSB] And the angel answered and said to me, "These are the four spirits of heaven, going forth after standing before the Lord of all the earth,

The Crown and the Temple

[Zec 6:12 LSB] "Then you will say to him, 'Thus says Yahweh of hosts, "Behold, a man whose name is Branch, and He will branch out from where He is; and He will build the temple of Yahweh.

[Zec 6:13 LSB] "Indeed, it is He who will build the temple of Yahweh, and He who will bear the splendor and sit and rule on His throne. Thus, He will be a priest on His throne, and the counsel of peace will be between the two offices."'

    C. From fasts to feasts (7:1–8:23)

The People’s Hard Hearts

[Zec 7:12 LSB] "And they made their hearts diamond-hard so that they could not hear the law and the words which Yahweh of hosts had sent by His Spirit by the hand of the former prophets; therefore great wrath came from Yahweh of hosts.

Jerusalem, the City of Truth

[Zec 8:3 LSB] "Thus says Yahweh, 'I will return to Zion and will dwell in the midst of Jerusalem. Then Jerusalem will be called the City of Truth, and the mountain of Yahweh of hosts [will be called] the Holy Mountain.'

[Zec 8:23 LSB]

"Thus says Yahweh of hosts, 'In those days ten men from every tongue of the nations will take hold of the garment of a Jew, saying, "Let us go with you, for we have heard that God is with you."'"

2. The Return of the King (9:1–14:21)

    a. The first oracle: leaders and their people (9:1–11:17)

Yahweh’s Oracle Against Israel’s Enemies

[Zec 9:1 LSB] The oracle of the word of Yahweh is against the land of Hadrach, with Damascus as its resting place (for the eyes of men, especially of all the tribes of Israel, are toward Yahweh),

[Isa 17:7 LSB] In that day man will have regard for his Maker And his eyes will look to the Holy One of Israel.

The Coming King of Zion (Mat 21:5; Jhn 12:14, 15 ) 

[Zec 9:9 LSB] Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Make a loud shout, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your king is coming to you; He is righteous and endowed with salvation, Lowly and mounted on a donkey, Even on a colt, the foal of a pack animal.

[Mat 21:5 LSB] "SAY TO THE DAUGHTER OF ZION, 'BEHOLD YOUR KING IS COMING TO YOU, LOWLY, AND MOUNTED ON A DONKEY, AND ON A COLT, THE FOAL OF A PACK ANIMAL.'"

[Zec 9:13 LSB] For I will bend Judah as My bow; I will fill the bow with Ephraim. And I will rouse up your sons, O Zion, against your sons, O Greece; And I will make you like a mighty man's sword.

Yahweh Will Redeem Judah and Israel
 
Woe to the Worthless Shepherd

[Zec 11:12 LSB] And I said to them, "If it is good in your sight, give [me] my wages; but if not, never mind!" So they weighed out thirty [shekels] of silver as my wages.

[Zec 11:13 LSB] Then Yahweh said to me, "Throw it to the potter, [that] valuable price at which I was valued by them." So I took the thirty [shekels] of silver and threw them to the potter in the house of Yahweh.

[Mat 26:15 LSB] and said, "What are you willing to give me to deliver Him to you?" And they weighed out thirty pieces of silver to him. 

[Mat 27:5 LSB] And he threw the pieces of silver into the sanctuary and departed; and he went away and hanged himself. 

    b. The second oracle: the people and their leaders (12:1–14:21)

Yahweh Will Save

[Zec 12:1 LSB] The oracle of the word of Yahweh concerning Israel. [Thus] declares Yahweh who stretches out the heavens, lays the foundation of the earth, and forms the spirit of man within him,

[Zec 12:8 LSB] "In that day Yahweh will defend the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the one who stumbles among them in that day will be like David, and the house of David [will be] like God, like the angel of Yahweh before them.

Jerusalem Refined and Tested 

[Zec 13:7 LSB] "Awake, O sword, against My Shepherd And against the man, My Associate," Declares Yahweh of hosts. "Strike the Shepherd that the sheep may be scattered; And I will turn My hand against the little ones. 

[Mat 26:31 LSB] Then Jesus said to them, "You will all fall away because of Me this night, for it is written, 'I WILL STRIKE DOWN THE SHEPHERD, AND THE SHEEP OF THE FLOCK SHALL BE SCATTERED.'

[Isa 53:10 LSB] But Yahweh was pleased To crush Him, putting [Him] to grief; If You would place His soul [as] a guilt offering, He will see [His] seed, He will prolong [His] days, And the good pleasure of Yahweh will succeed in His hand.

[Zec 13:8 LSB] "And it will be in all the land," Declares Yahweh, "That two parts in it will be cut off [and] breathe their last; But the third will be left in it.

[Zec 13:9 LSB] "And I will bring the third part through the fire And refine them as silver is refined And test them as gold is tested. They will call on My name, And I will answer them; I will say, 'They are My people,' And they will say, 'Yahweh is my God.'"

[1Pe 4:12 LSB] Beloved, do not be surprised at the fiery trial among you, which comes upon you for your testing, as though some strange thing were happening to you.

[1Pe 1:6 LSB] In this you greatly rejoice, even though now for a little while, if necessary, you have been grieved by various trials,

[1Pe 1:7 LSB] so that the proof of your faith, [being] more precious than gold which is perishable, even though tested by fire, may be found to result in praise and glory and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ.

Yahweh Will Battle the Nations (cf. Eze 38; 39; Mar 13; Rev 20—22 )

[Zec 14:3 LSB] Then Yahweh will go forth and fight against those nations, as the day when He fights on a day of battle.

[Zec 14:4 LSB] And in that day His feet will stand on the Mount of Olives, which is in front of Jerusalem on the east; and the Mount of Olives will be split in its middle from east to west by a very large valley so that half of the mountain will move toward the north and the other half toward the south.

Yahweh Will Be King over All

[Zec 14:16 LSB] Then it will be that any who are left of all the nations that went against Jerusalem will go up from year to year to worship the King, Yahweh of hosts, and to celebrate the Feast of Booths.

Haggai

Introduction to Haggai

The Chapters of Haggai - Scholars Crossing

1. Introduction: Reluctant Rebuilders (1:1–2)

The Commission to Rebuild the Temple (Ezr 5:1 )

2. Consider Your Ways: Fruitless Prosperity (1:3–12)

[Hag 1:12 LSB]
Then Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and Joshua the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, with all the remnant of the people, listened to the voice of Yahweh their God and the words of Haggai the prophet, as Yahweh their God had sent him. And the people feared Yahweh.

3. Promise and Progress (1:13–15a)

[Hag 1:14 LSB]
So Yahweh stirred up the spirit of Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and the spirit of Joshua the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and the spirit of all the remnant of the people; and they came and did work on the house of Yahweh of hosts, their God,

4. The Former and Latter Glory of This House (1:15b–2:9)

The Glory of Yahweh Will Fill the Temple

[Hag 2:9 LSB]
'The latter glory of this house will be greater than the former,' says Yahweh of hosts, 'and in this place I will give peace,' declares Yahweh of hosts."

5. Consider Your Ways: Holiness and Defilement;

6. Repentance and Blessing (2:10–19)

7. Zerubbabel: The Signet Ring (2:20–23)

Yahweh Chooses Zerubbabel

[Hag 2:23 LSB]
'On that day,' declares Yahweh of hosts, 'I will take you, Zerubbabel, son of Shealtiel, My servant,' declares Yahweh, 'and I will make you like a signet [ring], for I have chosen you,'" declares Yahweh of hosts.

https://www.ligonier.org/learn/devotionals/zerubbabel-lords-signet-ring

Haggai concludes with a messianic word to Zerubbabel that God would greatly exalt him (vv. 20–23), but the prophet does not mean the person of Zerubbabel himself. The prophets often promise the return of David—the first ruler of Israel appointed by God alone before the exile—but the person in view is actually one of David's sons as prophesied in 2 Samuel 7:1–17. Haggai promises the throne to Zerubbabel—the first ruler of Israel appointed by God alone after the exile—but the person in view is actually one of Zerubbabel's sons.

God's promise to exalt Zerubbabel, that is, one of Zerubbabel's sons, is fulfilled in Christ Jesus, who is David's descendant through Zerubbabel (Matt. 1:1–17; Luke 3:23–38). Christ has been exalted to the right hand of God the Father Almighty, fulfilling Haggai's word. Because the promise to Zerubbabel has been fulfilled, we can be confident that the Lord will keep all of His promises, namely that our glory as His house will one day be greater than any previous temple.

Zephaniah

Introduction to Zephaniah

Yahweh Will End All Things

The Day of Yahweh Is Near

[Zep 1:12 LSB]

"And it will be at that time
That I will search Jerusalem with lamps,
And I will punish the men
Who are stagnant in spirit,
Who say in their hearts, 'Yahweh will not do good or evil!'

Seek Yahweh Before His Day of Anger

[Zep 2:1 LSB]

Gather yourselves together, indeed, gather, O nation without shame,

[Zep 2:2 LSB]

Before the decree takes effect--
The day passes like the chaff--
Before the burning anger of Yahweh comes upon you,
Before the day of Yahweh's anger comes upon you.

[Zep 2:3 LSB]

Seek Yahweh,
All you humble of the earth
Who have worked His justice;
Seek righteousness, seek humility.
Perhaps you will be hidden
In the day of Yahweh's anger.

The Unjust Knows No Shame

Yahweh Will Pour Out His Anger 

(cf. Gen 11:1–9; Act 2:1–11 )

[Zep 3:11 LSB]

"In that day you will feel no shame
Because of all your deeds
By which you have transgressed against Me;
For then I will remove from your midst
Your proud, exulting ones,
And you will never again be haughty
On My holy mountain.

[Zep 3:12 LSB]

"But I will cause to remain in your midst
A lowly and poor people,
And they will take refuge in the name of Yahweh.

[Zep 3:13 LSB]

"The remnant of Israel will do no injustice
And not speak falsehood,
Nor will a deceitful tongue
Be found in their mouths;
For they will feed and lie down
With no one to make them tremble."

Yahweh’s Joy in Restoring Israel

[Zep 3:19 LSB]

"Behold, I am going to deal at that time 

With all those who afflict you, 

And I will save the lame 

And gather the banished, 

And I will turn them -- in their shame -- into praise and a name 

In all the earth.

Habakkuk

• Introduction to Habakkuk - ESV
• The Chapters of Habakkuk, Harold Willmington

Habakkuk Calls For Help

Yahweh Raises the Dreaded Chaldeans

[Hab 1:5 LSB]

"See among the nations! And look! Be also astonished! Be astounded! Because [I am] doing something in your days-- You would not believe if it was recounted [to you].

Yahweh Has Placed Them to Judge

The Righteous Will Live by His Faith

[Hab 2:4 LSB]
"Behold, as for the proud one, His soul is not right within him; But the righteous will live by his faith.

Yet I Will Exalt in Yahweh

[Hab 3:16 LSB]

I heard, and my inward parts trembled; At the sound my lips tingled. Decay enters my bones, And in my place I tremble. Because I must wait quietly for the day of distress, For the people to arise [who] will invade us.

[Hab 3:17 LSB]

Though the fig tree should not blossom And there be no produce on the vines, [Though] the yield of the olive should fail And the fields yield no food, Though the flock should be cut off from the fold And there be no cattle in the stalls,

[Hab 3:18 LSB]

Yet I will exult in Yahweh; I will rejoice in the God of my salvation.

[Hab 3:19 LSB]

Yahweh, the Lord, is my strength, And He has set my feet like hinds' [feet] And makes me tread on my high places. For the choir director, on my stringed instruments.

Nahum

Introduction to Nahum

Chapters of Nahum - Harold Willmington

1. Introduction (1:1)

[Nah 1:1 LSB]

The oracle of Nineveh. The book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite.

2. A Psalm Descriptively Praising the Lord (1:2–8)

[Nah 1:2 LSB]

ALEPH A jealous and avenging God is Yahweh; Yahweh is avenging and wrathful. Yahweh is avenging against His adversaries, And He keeps [His anger] for His enemies.

[Nah 1:3 LSB]

BETH Yahweh is slow to anger and great in power, And Yahweh will by no means leave [the guilty] unpunished. In whirlwind and storm is His way, And clouds are the dust beneath His feet.

3. The Lord’s Coming Judgment on Nineveh and Deliverance of Judah (1:9–15)

[Nah 1:14 LSB]

And Yahweh has commanded concerning you: "There will no longer be seed from your name. From the house of your gods, I will cut off graven image and molten image. I will prepare your grave, For you are contemptible."

[Nah 1:15 LSB]

Behold, on the mountains the feet of him who proclaims good news, Who announces peace! Celebrate your feasts, O Judah; Pay your vows. For never again will the vile one pass through you; He is cut off completely.

4. Focus on Nineveh: The Lord’s Coming Judgment (2:1–13)

5. Again, Focus on Nineveh: More concerning the Lord’s Coming Judgment (3:1–19)

Micah

 Introduction to Micah

1. Superscription (1:1)

[Mic 1:1 LSB] 1 The word of Yahweh which came [to] Micah of Moresheth in the days of Jotham, Ahaz, [and] Hezekiah, kings of Judah, which he beheld concerning Samaria and Jerusalem.

2. The Announcement of Judgment on Israel and Judah (1:2–2:13)

[Mic 1:5 LSB] 5 All this is for the transgression of Jacob And for the sins of the house of Israel. What is the transgression of Jacob? Is it not Samaria? What is the high place of Judah? Is it not Jerusalem?

[Mic 2:12 LSB] 12 "I will surely assemble all of you, Jacob; I will surely gather the remnant of Israel. I will put them together like sheep in the fold; Like a flock in the midst of its pasture They will be noisy with men.

[Mic 2:13 LSB] 13 "The breaker goes up before them; They break out, pass through the gate, and go out by it. So their king goes on before them, And Yahweh at their head.

3. The Present Injustice and the Future Prospect of Just Rule in Jerusalem (3:1–5:15)

[Mic 3:4 LSB] 4 Then they will cry out to Yahweh, But He will not answer them. Instead, He will hide His face from them at that time Because they have practiced evil deeds.

The Law Will Go Forth from Zion (cf. Isa 2:2–4 )

[Mic 4:2 LSB] 2 And many nations will come and say, "Come and let us go up to the mountain of Yahweh And to the house of the God of Jacob, That He may instruct us from His ways And that we may walk in His paths." For from Zion will go forth the law, And the word of Yahweh from Jerusalem.

The Ruler Will Come from Bethlehem

[Mic 5:2 LSB]

"But as for you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, [Too] little to be among the clans of Judah, From you One will go forth for Me to be ruler in Israel. His goings forth are from everlasting, From the ancient days."

[Mic 5:3 LSB]

Therefore He will give them [up] until the time When she who is in childbirth has borne a child. Then the remainder of His brothers Will return to the sons of Israel.

[Mic 5:4 LSB]

And He will stand and shepherd [His flock] In the strength of Yahweh, In the majesty of the name of Yahweh His God. And they will remain Because at that time He will be great To the ends of the earth.

4. The Lord’s Indictment and Restoration of His People (6:1–7:20)

Yahweh’s Case Against His People

What Yahweh Requires

[Mic 6:8 LSB]

He has told you, O man, what is good; And what does Yahweh require of you But to do justice, to love lovingkindness, And to walk humbly with your God?

There Is No Upright Person

Yahweh Is a Light for Me

[Mic 7:8 LSB]

Do not be glad over me, O my enemy.
Though I fall I will rise;
Though I inhabit the darkness, Yahweh is a light for me.

[Mic 7:9 LSB]

I will bear the rage of Yahweh
Because I have sinned against Him,
Until He pleads my case and does justice for me.
He will bring me out to the light,
[And] I will see His righteousness.

[Mic 7:18 LSB]

Who is a God like You, who forgives iniquity
And passes over the transgression of the remnant of His inheritance?
He does not hold fast to His anger forever
Because He delights in lovingkindness.

[Mic 7:19 LSB]

He will again have compassion on us;
He will subdue our iniquities.
And You will cast all their sins Into the depths of the sea.

[Mic 7:20 LSB]

You will give truth to Jacob
[And] lovingkindness to Abraham,
Which You swore to our fathers
From the days of old.

Jonah

Introduction to Jonah

A. Jonah’s commissioning and flight (1:1–3)

B. Jonah and the pagan sailors (1:4–16)

[Jon 1:5 LSB] 5 Then the sailors became fearful, and every man cried to his god, and they hurled the cargo which was in the ship into the sea to lighten [it] for them. But Jonah had gone down [below] into the innermost part of the vessel, lain down, and fallen deep asleep.

[Jon 1:9 LSB] 9 And he said to them, "I am a Hebrew, and I fear Yahweh, the God of heaven, who made the sea and the dry land."

[Jon 1:12 LSB] 12 So he said to them, "Lift me up and hurl me into the sea. Then the sea will become quiet for you, for I know that on account of me this great storm [has come] upon you."

[Jon 1:15-16 LSB] 15 So they lifted Jonah up and hurled him into the sea, and the sea stood still from its raging. 16 Then the men greatly feared Yahweh, and they offered a sacrifice to Yahweh and made vows.

C. Jonah’s grateful prayer (1:17–2:10)

[Jon 2:1 LSB] 1 Then Jonah prayed to Yahweh his God from the stomach of the fish,

[Jon 2:2 LSB] 2 and he said, "I called out of my distress to Yahweh, And He answered me. I cried for help from the belly of Sheol; You heard my voice.

[Jon 2:6 LSB] 6 "I went down to the base of the mountains. The earth with its bars [closed] behind me forever, But You have brought up my life from the pit, O Yahweh my God.

[Jon 2:9 LSB] 9 But as for me, I will sacrifice to You With the voice of thanksgiving. That which I have vowed I will pay. Salvation belongs to Yahweh."

[Jon 2:10 LSB] 10 Then Yahweh spoke to the fish, and it vomited Jonah up onto the dry land.

A'. Jonah’s recommissioning and compliance (3:1–3a)

B'. Jonah and the pagan Ninevites (3:3b–10)

C'. Jonah’s angry prayer (4:1–4)

D. Jonah’s lesson about compassion (4:5–11)

[Jon 4:10 LSB] 10 Then Yahweh said, "You had pity on the plant for which you did not work and [which] you did not cause to grow, which came to be overnight and perished overnight.

[Jon 4:11 LSB] 11 "So should I not have pity on Nineveh, the great city, in which there are more than 120,000 persons who do not know [the difference] between their right and left hand, as well as many animals?"