Numbers

The Census of Israel’s Warriors

[Num 1:45-46 LSB] 45 So all the numbered men of the sons of Israel by their fathers' households, from twenty years old and upward, whoever [was able to] go out to war in Israel, 46 even all the numbered men were 603,550.

Levites Not Numbered in the Census

Israel Camped by Their Standards

Priests and Levites

Responsibilities of the Priests

Redemption of the Firstborn

Duties of the Kohathites

Duties of the Gershonites

Duties of the Merarites

Unclean Sent Outside the Camp

Restitution for Sins

The Statutes of Jealousy

The Nazirite Vow

Yahweh Blesses the Sons of Israel

[Num 6:23-27 LSB] 23 "Speak to Aaron and to his sons, saying, 'Thus you shall bless the sons of Israel. You shall say to them: 24 Yahweh bless you, and keep you; 25 Yahweh make His face shine on you, And be gracious to you; 26 Yahweh lift up His face on you, And give you peace.' 27 "So they shall invoke My name on the sons of Israel, and I [then] will bless them."

Offerings of the Leaders

[Num 7:89 LSB] 89 Now when Moses went into the tent of meeting to speak with Him, he heard the voice speaking to him from above the mercy seat that was on the ark of the testimony, from between the two cherubim, so He spoke to him.

The Seven Lamps

Cleansing of the Levites

[Num 8:22 LSB] 22 Then after that the Levites went in to perform their service in the tent of meeting before Aaron and before his sons; just as Yahweh had commanded Moses concerning the Levites, so they did to them.

Retirement of the Levites

[Numbers 8:25-26 LSB — “But at the age of fifty years they shall retire from their duty in the service and not serve anymore. “They may, however, minister to their brothers in the tent of meeting in order to keep up their responsibility, but they themselves shall perform no service. Thus you shall deal with the Levites concerning their responsibilities.”

The Passover

[Num 9:13 LSB] 13 'But the man who is clean and is not on a journey, and yet neglects to celebrate the Passover, that person shall then be cut off from his people, for he did not bring near the offering of Yahweh at its appointed time. That man will bear his sin.

The Cloud Covering the Tabernacle

[Num 9:17 LSB] 17 Now whenever the cloud would go up from over the tent, afterward the sons of Israel would then set out; and in the place where the cloud settled down, there the sons of Israel would camp.

[Num 9:23 LSB] 23 At the command of Yahweh they camped, and at the command of Yahweh they set out; they kept the charge of Yahweh, according to the command of Yahweh by the hand of Moses.

The Silver Trumpets

Israel Sets Out From Sinai

[Num 10:35-36 LSB] 35 Then it happened when the ark set out that Moses said, "Rise up, O Yahweh! And let Your enemies be scattered, And let those who hate You flee before You." 36 And when it came to rest, he said, "Return, O Yahweh, [To] the myriad thousands of Israel."

The People Complain

Moses Complains

The Spirit Rests Upon the Elders

[Num 11:22-23 LSB] 22 "Should flocks and herds be slaughtered for them, to be sufficient for them? Or should all the fish of the sea be gathered together for them, to be sufficient for them?" 23 And Yahweh said to Moses, "Is Yahweh's power limited? Now you shall see whether My word will happen for you or not."

[Num 11:29 LSB] 29 But Moses said to him, "Are you jealous for my sake? Would that all the people of Yahweh were prophets, that Yahweh would put His Spirit upon them!"

The Quail and the Plague

Miriam and Aaron Speak Against Moses

[Num 12:6-8 LSB] 6 and He said, "Hear now My words: If there is a prophet among you, I, Yahweh, shall make Myself known to him in a vision. I shall speak with him in a dream. 7 "Not so, with My servant Moses, He is faithful in all My household; 8 With him I speak mouth to mouth, Indeed clearly, and not in riddles, And he beholds the form of Yahweh. Why then were you not afraid To speak against My servant, against Moses?"

[Deu 34:10 LSB] 10 And there has not yet arisen a prophet in Israel like Moses, whom Yahweh knew face to face,

[Exo 33:20 LSB] 20 But He said, "You cannot see My face, for no man can see Me and live!" 

[Exo 33:23 LSB] 23 "Then I will remove My hand, and you shall see My back, but My face shall not be seen." 

Matthew 5:8 LSB — Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God.

1 John 3:2 LSB — Beloved, now we are children of God, and it has not been manifested as yet what we will be. We know that when He is manifested, we will be like Him, because we will see Him just as He is.

The Spies Sent into Canaan

[Num 13:23 LSB] 23 Then they came to the valley of Eshcol and from there cut down a branch with a single cluster of grapes; and they carried it on a pole between two [men] with some of the pomegranates and the figs.

The Spies Recount What They Saw

[Num 13:32-33 LSB] 32 So they gave out to the sons of Israel a bad report of the land which they had spied out, saying, "The land, which we have passed through to spy out on, is a land that devours its inhabitants; and all the people whom we saw in it are men of [great] size. 33 "There also we saw the Nephilim (the sons of Anak are part of the Nephilim); and we became like grasshopper.

[Gen 15:18 LSB] 18 On that day Yahweh cut a covenant with Abram, saying, "To your seed I have given this land, From the river of Egypt as far as the great river, the river Euphrates:s in our own sight, and so we were in their sight."

[Gen 17:8 LSB] 8 "And I will give to you and to your seed after you, the land of your sojournings, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession; and I will be their God."

[Exo 33:2 LSB] 2 "And I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.

[Exo 23:30 LSB] 30 "I will drive them out before you little by little, until you become fruitful and take the land as an inheritance. 

[Psa 106:24 LSB] 24 Then they despised the pleasant land; They did not believe in His word, 

The People Rebel

Moses Prays for the People

[Num 14:18-19 LSB] 18 'Yahweh is slow to anger and abundant in lovingkindness, forgiving iniquity and transgression; but He will by no means clear [the guilty], visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth [generations].' 19 "Pardon, I pray, the iniquity of this people according to the greatness of Your lovingkindness, just as You also have forgiven this people, from Egypt even until now."

Evil Complainers

[Num 14:22-23 LSB] 22 "Surely all the men who have seen My glory and My signs which I have done in Egypt and in the wilderness, yet have put Me to the test these ten times and have not listened to My voice, 23 shall by no means see the land which I swore to their fathers, nor shall any of those who spurned Me see it.

[Heb 3:16-19 LSB] 16 For who provoked [Him] when they had heard? Indeed, did not all those who came out of Egypt [led] by Moses? 17 And with whom was He angry for forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose corpses fell in the wilderness? 18 And to whom did He swear that they would not enter His rest, but to those who were disobedient? 19 [So] we see that they were not able to enter because of unbelief.

Offerings When Entering Canaan

Statute for the Sojourner

A Sabbath-breaker Put to Death

Korah Rises Up Against Moses

[Num 16:3 LSB] 3 Then they assembled together against Moses and Aaron, and said to them, "You have gone far enough, for all the congregation are holy, every one of them, and Yahweh is in their midst; so why do you exalt yourselves above the assembly of Yahweh?"

[Psa 106:16-18 LSB] 16 Then they became envious of Moses in the camp, And of Aaron, the holy one of Yahweh, 17 The earth opened and swallowed up Dathan, And covered up the company of Abiram. 18 And a fire burned up in their company; The flame consumed the wicked.

[Psa 106:16-18 LSB] 16 Then they became envious of Moses in the camp, And of Aaron, the holy one of Yahweh, 17 The earth opened and swallowed up Dathan, And covered up the company of Abiram. 18 And a fire burned up in their company; The flame consumed the wicked.

Grumbling and Plague

[Num 16:48 LSB] 48 And he took his stand between the dead and the living, so that the plague was checked.

[1Ti 2:5 LSB] 5 For there is one God, [and] one mediator also between God and men, [the] man Christ Jesus,

Aaron’s Rod Buds

[Num 17:8 LSB] 8 Now it happened on the next day Moses went into the tent of the testimony; and behold, the rod of Aaron for the house of Levi had sprouted and put forth buds and produced flowers, and it bore ripe almonds.

Responsibilities of the Levites

The Priests’ Portion

Statute of the Red Heifer

No Water for the Congregation

Moses Strikes the Rock

[Num 20:11 LSB] 11 Then Moses raised high his hand and struck the rock twice with his rod; and water came forth abundantly, and the congregation and their beasts drank.

[Num 20:12 LSB] 12 But Yahweh said to Moses and Aaron, "Because you did not believe Me, to treat Me as holy in the sight of the sons of Israel, therefore you shall not bring this assembly into the land which I have given them."

[Deu 32:50-52 LSB] 50 "Then die on the mountain where you ascend, and be gathered to your people, as Aaron your brother died on Mount Hor and was gathered to his people, 51 because you [both] acted unfaithfully with Me in the midst of the sons of Israel at the waters of Meribah-kadesh, in the wilderness of Zin, because you [both] did not treat Me as holy in the midst of the sons of Israel. 52 "For you shall see the land at a distance, but you shall not go there, into the land which I am giving the sons of Israel."

Edom Refuses Passage

The Death of Aaron

Destruction of Canaanite Cities

The Bronze Serpent

[Num 21:9 LSB] 9 And Moses made a bronze serpent and set it on the standard; and it happened, that if a serpent bit any man, when he looked to the bronze serpent, he lived.

[Jhn 3:14 LSB] 14 "And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up;

Sihon and Og Struck Down

Balak Sends for Balaam

Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel

[Num 22:38 LSB] 38 So Balaam said to Balak, "Behold, I have come now to you! Am I able to speak anything at all? The word that God puts in my mouth, that I shall speak."

Yahweh Speaks Through Balaam

Balaam’s Discourse

Spirit of God Comes Upon Balaam

[Num 24:9 LSB] 9 "He crouches, he lies down as a lion, And as a lion, who dares rouse him? Blessed is everyone who blesses you, And cursed is everyone who curses you."

[Gen 49:9 LSB] 9 "Judah is a lion's whelp; From the prey, my son, you have gone up. He crouches, he lies down as a lion, And as a lioness, who dares rouse him up?

[Gen 12:3 LSB] 3 And I will bless those who bless you, And the one who curses you I will curse. And in you all the families of the earth will be blessed."

Israel Sacrifices to Baal

Numbers 25:7-9 LSB — And Phinehas the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, saw it, so he arose from the midst of the congregation and took a spear in his hand, and he went after the man of Israel into the tent and pierced both of them through, the man of Israel and the woman, through the body. Then the plague on the sons of Israel was checked. So those who died by the plague were 24,000.

The Jealousy of Phinehas

Numbers 25:11 LSB — “Phinehas the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, has turned away My wrath from the sons of Israel in that he was jealous with My jealousy among them, so that I did not consume the sons of Israel in My jealousy.

2 Corinthians 11:2 LSB — For I am jealous for you with a godly jealousy, for I betrothed you to one husband, so that I might present you as a pure virgin to Christ.

Numbers 25:12-13 LSB — “Therefore say, ‘Behold, I give him My covenant of peace; and it shall be for him and his seed after him, a covenant of a perpetual priesthood, because he was jealous for his God and made atonement for the sons of Israel.’”

Census of the Sons of Israel

Reuben 43,730 (v. 7) -2,770

Simeon 22,200 (v. 14) -37,100

Gad 40,500 (v. 18) -5,150

Judah 76,500 (v. 22) +1,900

Issachar 64,300 (v. 25) +9,900

Zebulun 60,500 (v. 27) +3,100

Manasseh 52,700 (v. 34) +20,500

Ephraim 32,500 (v. 37) -8,000

Benjamin 45,600 (v. 41) +10,200

Dan 64,400 (v. 43) +1,700

AshTheer 53,400 (v. 47) +11,900

Naphtali 45,400 (v. 50) -8,000

Total 601,730 (v. 51) -1,820

Daughters of Zelophehad

Moses Commissions Joshua

Numbers 27:15-17 LSB — Then Moses spoke to Yahweh, saying, “May Yahweh, the God of the spirits of all flesh, appoint a man over the congregation, who will go out and come in before them, and who will lead them out and bring them in, so that the congregation of Yahweh will not be like sheep which have no shepherd.”

Matthew 9:36 LSB — And seeing the crowds, He felt compassion for them, because they were distressed and downcast like sheep without a shepherd.

Mark 6:34 LSB — And when Jesus went ashore, He saw a large crowd, and He felt compassion for them because they were like sheep without a shepherd; and He began to teach them many things.

Daily Offerings

Numbers 28:2 LSB — “Command the sons of Israel and say to them, ‘You shall be careful to bring near My offering, My food for My offerings by fire, of a soothing aroma to Me, at their appointed time.’

Ephesians 5:1-2 LSB — Therefore be imitators of God, as beloved children, and walk in love, just as Christ also loved us and gave Himself up for us, an offering and a sacrifice to God as a fragrant aroma.

Sabbath Offerings

Monthly Offerings

Passover Offerings

Offerings for the Feast of Weeks

Offerings of the Feast of Trumpets

Offerings for Atonement

The Statutes for Vows

Numbers 30:2 LSB — “If a man makes a vow to Yahweh or swears an oath to bind himself with a binding obligation, he shall not violate his word; he shall do according to all that proceeds out of his mouth.

Judges 11:35 LSB — So it happened that when he saw her, he tore his clothes and said, “Alas, my daughter! You have brought me very low, and you are among those who trouble me. But I have opened my mouth to vow to Yahweh, and I cannot take it back.”

Vengeance on Midian

[Num 31:8 LSB] 8 They killed the kings of Midian along with the [rest of] their slain: Evi and Rekem and Zur and Hur and Reba, the five kings of Midian; they also killed Balaam the son of Beor with the sword.

[Num 31:16 LSB] 16 "Behold, these caused the sons of Israel, through the word of Balaam, to act unfaithfully against Yahweh in the matter of Peor, so the plague was among the congregation of Yahweh.

[Num 25:3 LSB] 3 So Israel joined themselves to Baal of Peor, and the anger of Yahweh burned against Israel.

Division of the Loot

Reuben and Gad Possess Gilead

The Journey from Egypt to Jordan

Statutes of Possessing the Land

Apportioning Canaan

Cities for the Levites

Cities of Refuge

[Num 35:34 LSB] 34 'And you shall not defile the land in which you live, in the midst of which I dwell; for I Yahweh am dwelling in the midst of the sons of Israel.'"

[2Co 6:16 LSB] 16 Or what agreement has a sanctuary of God with idols? For we are a sanctuary of the living God; just as God said, "I WILL DWELL IN THEM AND WALK AMONG THEM; AND I WILL BE THEIR GOD, AND THEY SHALL BE MY PEOPLE.

Inheritance Through Marriage

Leviticus

The Statutes of Burnt Offerings

[Lev 1:3 LSB] 3 'If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he shall bring it near, a male without blemish; he shall bring it near to the doorway of the tent of meeting, that he may be accepted before Yahweh.

[Lev 1:4 LSB] 4 'And he shall lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, that it may be accepted for him to make atonement on his behalf.

[Heb 10:4 LSB] 4 For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.

[Heb 9:12 LSB] 12 and not through the blood of goats and calves, but through His own blood, He entered the holy places once for all, having obtained eternal redemption.

[Heb 9:15 LSB] 15 And for this reason He is the mediator of a new covenant, so that, since a death has taken place for the redemption of the trespasses that were [committed] under the first covenant, those who have been called may receive the promise of the eternal inheritance.

[Lev 1:10 LSB] 10 'But if his offering is from the flock, of the sheep or of the goats, for a burnt offering, he shall bring near a male without blemish.

[Lev 1:14 LSB] 14 'But if his offering to Yahweh is a burnt offering of birds, then he shall bring near his offering from the turtledoves or from young pigeons.

The Statutes of Grain Offerings

[Lev 2:1 LSB] 1 'Now when anyone brings near a grain offering as an offering to Yahweh, his offering shall be of fine flour, and he shall pour oil on it and put frankincense on it.

[Lev 2:4 LSB] 4 'Now when you bring near an offering of a grain offering baked in an oven, [it shall be] unleavened cakes of fine flour mixed with oil or unleavened wafers spread with oil.

[Lev 2:14 LSB] 14 'Also if you bring near a grain offering of early ripened things to Yahweh, you shall bring near fresh heads of grain roasted in the fire, grits of new growth, for the grain offering of your early ripened things.

The Statutes of Peace Offerings

[Lev 3:1 LSB] 1 'Now if his offering is a sacrifice of peace offerings, if he is going to bring near one from the herd, whether male or female, he shall bring it near without blemish before Yahweh.

[Lev 3:16-17 LSB] 16 'And the priest shall offer them up in smoke on the altar [as] food, an offering by fire for a soothing aroma; all fat is Yahweh's. 17 'It is a perpetual statute throughout your generations in all your [places of] habitation: you shall not eat any fat or any blood.'"

The Statutes of Sin Offerings

[Lev 4:2-3 LSB] 2 "Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, 'If a person sins unintentionally in any of the things which Yahweh has commanded not to be done, and he does any one of them, 3 if the anointed priest sins so as to bring guilt on the people, then let him bring near to Yahweh a bull from the herd without blemish as a sin offering for the sin he has committed.

[Lev 4:13-14 LSB] 13 'Now if the whole congregation of Israel commits error, and the matter is hidden from the sight of the assembly, and they commit any of the things which Yahweh has commanded not to be done, and they become guilty; 14 when the sin which they have committed becomes known, then the assembly shall bring near a bull from the herd for a sin offering and bring it before the tent of meeting.

[Lev 4:22-23 LSB] 22 'When a leader sins and unintentionally does any one of all the things which Yahweh his God has commanded not to be done, and he becomes guilty, 23 or if his sin which he has committed is made known to him, he shall bring for his offering a goat, a male without blemish.

[Lev 4:27-28 LSB] 27 'Now if anyone of the common people sins unintentionally in doing any of the things which Yahweh has commanded not to be done, and becomes guilty, 28 or if his sin which he has committed is made known to him, then he shall bring for his offering a goat, a female without blemish, for his sin which he has committed.

[Lev 5:5-6 LSB] 5 'So it shall be, when he becomes guilty in one of these, that he shall confess that in which he has sinned. 6 'He shall also bring his guilt offering to Yahweh for his sin which he has committed, a female from the flock, a lamb or a goat, as a sin offering. So the priest shall make atonement on his behalf for his sin.

The Statutes of Guilt Offerings

Statutes for the Priest in the Offerings

[Lev 6:25-26 LSB] 25 "Speak to Aaron and to his sons, saying, 'This is the law of the sin offering: in the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered, the sin offering shall be slaughtered before Yahweh; it is most holy. 26 'The priest who offers it for sin shall eat it. It shall be eaten in a holy place, in the court of the tent of meeting.

[Lev 6:30 LSB] 30 'But no sin offering, of which any of the blood is brought into the tent of meeting to make atonement in the holy place, shall be eaten; it shall be burned with fire.

Galatians

Greetings and Grace

[Gal 1:3-4 LSB] 3 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ, 4 who gave Himself for our sins so that He might rescue us from this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,

[Mat 20:28 LSB] 28 just as the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many."

[Jhn 10:11 LSB] 11 "I am the good shepherd; the good shepherd lays down His life for the sheep.

[Gal 6:14 LSB] 14 But may it never be that I would boast, except in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, through which the world has been crucified to me, and I to the world.

Distorting the Gospel

Paul Called by God

[Gal 1:11-12 LSB] 11 For I make known to you, brothers, that the gospel which I am proclaiming as good news is not according to man. 12 For I neither received it from man, nor was I taught it, but [I received it] through a revelation of Jesus Christ.

Paul Accepted by the Apostles

Paul Opposes Peter (Cephas)

[Gal 2:19-20 LSB] 19 "For through the Law I died to the Law, so that I might live to God. 20 "I have been crucified with Christ, and it is no longer I who live, but Christ lives in me. And the [life] which I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave Himself up for me.

[Rom 7:9 LSB] 9 Now I was once alive apart from the Law, but when the commandment came, sin revived and I died;

[Rom 6:4 LSB] 4 Therefore we were buried with Him through baptism into death, so that as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so we too might walk in newness of life. 

The Righteous Shall Live by Faith

[Gal 3:13-14 LSB] 13 Christ redeemed us from the curse of the Law, having become a curse for us--for it is written, "CURSED IS EVERYONE WHO HANGS ON A TREE"-- 14 in order that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we would receive the promise of the Spirit through faith.

The Promise by Faith

[Gal 3:26-27 LSB] 26 For you are all sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus. 27 For all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ.

[Rom 6:3-4 LSB] 3 Or do you not know that all of us who were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into His death? 4 Therefore we were buried with Him through baptism into death, so that as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so we too might walk in newness of life.

[Isa 61:10 LSB] 10 I will rejoice greatly in Yahweh; My soul will rejoice in my God, For He has clothed me with garments of salvation, He has wrapped me with a robe of righteousness, As a bridegroom decks himself with a headdress, And as a bride adorns herself with her jewels.

 

Hebrews

God’s Final Word in His Son

Hebrews 1:2-3 LSB — in these last days spoke to us in His Son, whom He appointed heir of all things, through whom also He made the worlds, who is the radiance of His glory and the exact representation of His nature, and upholds all things by the word of His power; who, having accomplished cleansing for sins, sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high

Warning Against Neglecting Salvation

Hebrews 2:3-4 LSB — how will we escape if we neglect so great a salvation? That salvation, first spoken by the Lord, was confirmed to us by those who heard, God also testifying with them, both by signs and wonders and by various miracles and by gifts of the Holy Spirit according to His own will.

Jesus, the Author of Salvation

Hebrews 2:17-18 LSB — Therefore, He had to be made like His brothers in all things, so that He might become a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people. For since He Himself was tempted in that which He has suffered, He is able to come to help those who are tempted.

Jesus Greater than Moses

Hebrews 3:5-6 LSB — Now MOSES WAS FAITHFUL IN ALL HIS HOUSE AS A SERVANT, for a testimony of those things which were to be spoken later, but Christ was faithful as a Son over His house—whose house we are, if we hold fast our confidence and the boast of our hope.

Warning Against Unbelief

Hebrews 3:12-13 LSB — See to it brothers, that there not be in any one of you an evil, unbelieving heart that falls away from the living God. But encourage one another day after day, as long as it is still called “TODAY,” so that none of you will be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin.

The Believer’s Rest

Hebrews 4:9-11 LSB — So there remains a Sabbath rest for the people of God. For the one who has entered His rest has himself also rested from his works, as God did from His. Therefore let us be diligent to enter that rest, lest anyone fall into the same example of disobedience.

Jesus Our Great High Priest

Hebrews 4:14-16 LSB — Therefore, since we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us take hold of our confession. For we do not have a high priest who cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but One who has been tempted in all things like we are, yet without sin. Therefore let us draw near with confidence to the throne of grace, so that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.

Hebrews 5:8-9 LSB — Although He was a Son, He learned obedience from the things which He suffered. And having been made perfect, He became to all those who obey Him the source of eternal salvation,

Warning Against Falling Away

Hebrews 6:19-20 LSB — This hope we have as an anchor of the soul, a hope both sure and confirmed and one which enters within the veil, where a forerunner has entered for us—Jesus, having become a high priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek.

The Inheritance of the Promises

The Priesthoods of Melchizedek and Christ

[Heb 7:24-25 LSB] 24 but [Jesus], on the other hand, because He continues forever, holds His priesthood permanently. 25 Therefore He is able also to save forever those who draw near to God through Him, since He always lives to make intercession for them.

[Heb 7:28 LSB] 28 For the Law appoints men as high priests who are weak, but the word of the oath, which came after the Law, [appoints] a Son, who has been made perfect forever.

Jesus, High Priest of a New Covenant

[Heb 8:10 LSB] 10 "FOR THIS IS THE COVENANT THAT I WILL MAKE WITH THE HOUSE OF ISRAEL AFTER THOSE DAYS, SAYS THE LORD: I WILL PUT MY LAWS INTO THEIR MINDS, AND UPON THEIR HEARTS I WILL WRITE THEM. AND I WILL BE THEIR GOD, AND THEY SHALL BE MY PEOPLE.

[Heb 8:13 LSB] 13 When He said, "A new [covenant]," He has made the first obsolete. But whatever is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to disappear.

The Old Covenant

The New Covenant

[Heb 9:11-12 LSB] 11 But when Christ appeared [as] a high priest of the good things to come, [He entered] through the greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this creation, 12 and not through the blood of goats and calves, but through His own blood, He entered the holy places once for all, having obtained eternal redemption.

[Heb 9:27-28 LSB] 27 And inasmuch as it is appointed for men to die once and after this [comes] judgment, 28 so Christ also, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time for salvation without [reference to] sin, to those who eagerly await Him.

Christ’s Sacrifice Once for All

[Heb 10:3-4] 3 But in those [sacrifices] there is a reminder of sins year by year. 4 For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.

[Heb 10:10-14 LSB] 10 By this will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. 11 And every priest stands daily ministering and offering time after time the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins; 12 but He, having offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, SAT DOWN AT THE RIGHT HAND OF GOD, 13 waiting from that time UNTIL HIS ENEMIES ARE PUT AS A FOOTSTOOL FOR HIS FEET. 14 For by one offering He has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified.

A New and Living Way

[Heb 10:19-22 LSB] 19 Therefore, brothers, since we have confidence to enter the holy places by the blood of Jesus, 20 by a new and living way which He inaugurated for us through the veil, that is, His flesh, 21 and since [we have] a great priest over the house of God, 22 let us draw near with a sincere heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.

[Heb 10:23-25 LSB] 23 Let us hold fast the confession of our hope without wavering, for He who promised is faithful. 24 And let us consider how to stimulate one another to love and good deeds, 25 not forsaking our own assembling together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging [one another], and all the more as you see the day drawing near.

Warning Against Willful Sin

[Heb 10:36-39 LSB] 36 For you have need of endurance, so that when you have done the will of God, you may receive the promise. 37 FOR YET IN A VERY LITTLE WHILE, HE WHO IS COMING WILL COME, AND WILL NOT DELAY. 38 BUT MY RIGHTEOUS ONE SHALL LIVE BY FAITH, AND IF HE SHRINKS BACK, MY SOUL HAS NO PLEASURE IN HIM. 39 But we are not of those who shrink back to destruction, but of those who have faith to the preserving of the soul.

By Faith

[Heb 11:1-3 LSB] 1 Now faith is the assurance of [things] hoped for, the conviction of things not seen. 2 For by it the men of old gained approval. 3 By faith we understand that the worlds were prepared by the word of God, so that what is seen was not made out of things which are visible.

[Heb 11:6 LSB] 6 And without faith it is impossible to please [Him], for he who draws near to God must believe that He is and [that] He is a rewarder of those who seek Him.

[Heb 11:8 LSB] 8 By faith Abraham, when he was called, obeyed by going out to a place which he was to receive for an inheritance; and he went out, not knowing where he was going.

[Heb 11:13 LSB] 13 All these died in faith, without receiving the promises, but having seen them and having welcomed them from a distance, and having confessed that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.

[Heb 11:37-40 LSB] 37 They were stoned, they were sawn in two, they were tempted, they were put to death with the sword. They went about in sheepskins, in goatskins, being destitute, afflicted, mistreated 38 (of whom the world was not worthy), wandering in desolate places and mountains and caves and holes in the ground. 39 And all these, having gained approval through their faith, did not receive what was promised, 40 because God had provided something better for us, so that apart from us they would not be made perfect.

Jesus, the Author and Perfecter of Faith

[Heb 12:1-2 LSB] 1 Therefore, since we have so great a cloud of witnesses surrounding us, laying aside every weight and the sin which so easily entangles us, let us run with endurance the race that is set before us, 2 fixing our eyes on Jesus, the author and perfecter of faith, who for the joy set before Him endured the cross, despising the shame, and has sat down at the right hand of the throne of God.

The Father’s Discipline

[Heb 12:11 LSB] 11 And all discipline for the moment seems not to be joyful, but sorrowful, but to those who have been trained by it, afterwards it yields the peaceful fruit of righteousness.

Contrast of Sinai and Zion

[Heb 12:22-24 LSB] 22 But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to myriads of angels, 23 to the festal gathering and assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the Judge of all, and to the spirits of [the] righteous made perfect, 24 and to Jesus, the mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood, which speaks better than [the blood] of Abel.

An Unshakable Kingdom

[Heb 12:25 LSB] 25 See to it that you do not refuse Him who is speaking. For if those did not escape when they refused him who warned [them] on earth, much less [will] we [escape] who turn away from Him who [warns] from heaven.

Sacrifices Pleasing to God

[Heb 13:8 LSB] 8 Jesus Christ [is] the same yesterday and today and forever.

Benediction

[Heb 13:20-21 LSB] 20 Now the God of peace, who brought up from the dead the great Shepherd of the sheep through the blood of the eternal covenant, our Lord Jesus, 21 equip you in every good thing to do His will, by doing in us what is pleasing in His sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom [be] the glory forever and ever. Amen.

Exodus

Israel Multiplies in Egypt

[Exo 1:21 LSB] 21 Now it happened that because the midwives feared God, He made households for them.

The Birth of Moses

Moses Flees to Midian

God Hears Israel’s Groaning

[Exo 2:24-25 LSB] 24 So God heard their groaning; and God remembered His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. 25 And God saw the sons of Israel, and God knew [them].

God Calls Moses at the Burning Bush

[Exo 3:14 LSB] 14 And God said to Moses, "I AM WHO I AM"; and He said, "Thus you shall say to the sons of Israel, 'I AM has sent me to you.'"

If They Will Not Believe These Signs

Aaron to Speak for Moses

[Exo 4:11-12 LSB] 11 And Yahweh said to him, "Who has made man's mouth? Or who makes [him] mute or deaf, or seeing or blind? Is it not I, Yahweh? 12 "So now, go, and I, even I, will be with your mouth and will instruct you what you shall speak."

Moses Returns to Egypt

[Exo 4:21 LSB] 21 And Yahweh said to Moses, "When you go to return to Egypt, see [to it] that all the miraculous wonders which I have put in your hand, that you do them before Pharaoh; but as for Me, I will harden his heart with strength so that he will not let the people go.

Romans 9:18 LSB — So then He has mercy on whom He desires, and He hardens whom He desires.

Pharaoh Will Not Let the People Go

Yahweh Remembers His Covenant

Exodus 6:2-3 LSB — God spoke further to Moses and said to him, “I am Yahweh; and I appeared to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, as God Almighty, but by My name, Yahweh, I was not known to them.

[Exo 6:6 LSB] 6 "Say, therefore, to the sons of Israel, 'I am Yahweh, and I will bring you out from under the hard labors of the Egyptians, and I will deliver you from their slavery. I will also redeem you with an outstretched arm and with great judgments.

The Heads of Israel’s Households

Aaron Will Speak for Moses

[Exo 7:3 LSB] 3 "But I will harden Pharaoh's heart with stiffness that I may multiply My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt.

[Rom 9:15 LSB] 15 For He says to Moses, "I WILL HAVE MERCY ON WHOM I HAVE MERCY, AND I WILL HAVE COMPASSION ON WHOM I HAVE COMPASSION."

Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent

The Plague of Water Turning to Blood

The Plague of Frogs

The Plague of Gnats

The Plague of Flies

The Plague of Dying Egyptian Livestock

The Plague of Boils

The Plague of Hail

[Exo 9:16 LSB] 16 "But, indeed, for this reason I have caused you to stand, in order to show you My power and in order to recount My name through all the earth.

[Rom 9:17 LSB] 17 For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, "FOR THIS VERY PURPOSE I RAISED YOU UP, IN ORDER TO DEMONSTRATE MY POWER IN YOU, AND IN ORDER THAT MY NAME MIGHT BE PROCLAIMED THROUGHOUT THE WHOLE EARTH."

The Plague of Locusts

[Exo 10:1-2 LSB] 1 Then Yahweh said to Moses, "Come to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants with firmness, that I may set these signs of Mine among them, 2 and that you may recount in the hearing of your son and of your grandson, how I dealt severely with the Egyptians, and how I put My signs among them, that you may know that I am Yahweh."

[Exo 10:20 LSB] 20 But Yahweh hardened Pharaoh's heart with strength, and he did not let the sons of Israel go.

The Plague of Darkness

[Exo 10:27 LSB] 27 But Yahweh hardened Pharaoh's heart with strength, and he was not willing to let them go.

Yahweh Says One More Plague

[Exo 11:1 LSB] 1 Then Yahweh said to Moses, "One more plague I will bring on Pharaoh and on Egypt; after that he will let you go from here. When he lets you go, he will surely drive you out from here completely.

[Exo 11:10 LSB] 10 Now Moses and Aaron did all these miraculous wonders before Pharaoh; yet Yahweh hardened Pharaoh's heart with strength, and he did not let the sons of Israel go out of his land.

The Passover Lamb

[Exo 12:13 LSB] 13 'And the blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you are; and I will see the blood, and I will pass over you, and there shall be no plague among you to destroy [you] when I strike the land of Egypt.

The Feast of Unleavened Bread

[Exo 12:26-27 LSB] 26 "And it will be when your children say to you, 'What is the meaning of this [new] slavery to you?' 27 that you shall say, 'It is a Passover sacrifice to Yahweh who passed over the houses of the sons of Israel in Egypt when He smote the Egyptians, but delivered our homes.'" And the people bowed low and worshiped.

Death of the Firstborn of Egypt

Israel Goes Out From Egypt

The Statute of the Passover

Sanctifying the Firstborn

The Feast of Unleavened Bread

Pillars of Cloud and Fire

[Exo 13:21 LSB] 21 And Yahweh was going before them in a pillar of cloud by day to guide them on the way, and in a pillar of fire by night to give them light, that they might go by day and by night.

Israel Crosses the Red Sea

[Exo 14:28-29 LSB] 28 And the waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen, even Pharaoh's entire army that had gone into the sea after them; not even one of them remained. 29 But the sons of Israel walked on dry land through the midst of the sea, and the waters [were] a wall to them on their right hand and on their left.

[Heb 11:29 LSB] 29 By faith they passed through the Red Sea as though [they were passing] through dry land, and the Egyptians, when they attempted it, were drowned.

The Song of Moses and Israel

[Exo 15:2 LSB] 2 "Yah is my strength and song, And He has become my salvation; This is my God, and I will praise Him; My father's God, and I will extol Him.

Yahweh Sweetens the Water

Yahweh Rains Bread from Heaven

Yahweh Gives Meat and Bread

Yahweh Gives Bread for Two Days

Water from the Rock

[Exo 17:6 LSB] 6 "Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock at Horeb; and you shall strike the rock, and water will come out of it, that the people may drink." And Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel.

[Exo 17:7 LSB] 7 So he named the place Massah and Meribah because of the contending of the sons of Israel, and because they tested Yahweh, saying, "Is Yahweh among us or not?"

Israel Overwhelms Amalek

Jethro’s Counsel

Israel at Sinai

[Exo 19:4-6 LSB] 4 'You yourselves have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and [how] I lifted you up on eagles' wings and brought you to Myself. 5 'So now then, if you will indeed listen to My voice and keep My covenant, then you shall be My treasured possession among all the peoples, for all the earth is Mine; 6 and you shall be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.' These are the words that you shall speak to the sons of Israel."

[1Pe 2:9-10 LSB] 9 But you are A CHOSEN FAMILY, A royal PRIESTHOOD, A HOLY NATION, A PEOPLE FOR [God's] OWN POSSESSION, so that you may proclaim the excellencies of Him who has called you out of darkness into His marvelous light; 10 for you once were NOT A PEOPLE, but now you are THE PEOPLE OF GOD; you had NOT RECEIVED MERCY, but now you have RECEIVED MERCY.

[Rev 1:6 LSB] 6 and He has made us [to be] a kingdom, priests to His God and Father--to Him [be] the glory and the might forever and ever. Amen. 

Yahweh Descends on Mount Sinai

The Commandments of Yahweh

[Exo 20:22 LSB] 22 Then Yahweh said to Moses, "Thus you shall say to the sons of Israel, 'You yourselves have seen that I have spoken to you from heaven.

Judgments About Slaves

[Exo 21:5-6 LSB] 5 "But if the slave plainly says, 'I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out as a free man,' 6 then his master shall bring him to God, and he shall bring him to the door or the doorpost. Then his master shall pierce his ear with an awl; and he shall serve him permanently.

Judgments About Personal Injuries

Judgments About Property Rights

Various Judgments

[Exo 22:31 LSB] 31 "You shall be holy men to Me, therefore you shall not eat [any] flesh torn to pieces in the field; you shall throw it to the dogs.

[Exo 23:11 LSB] 11 but [on] the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, so that the needy of your people may eat; and whatever they leave the beast of the field may eat. Thus you shall do with your vineyard [and] your olive grove.

[Exo 23:12 LSB] 12 "Six days you are to do your work, but on the seventh day you shall rest so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and the son of your maidservant, as well as your sojourner, may refresh themselves.

[Exo 20:11 LSB] 11 "For in six days Yahweh made the heavens and the earth, the sea and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day; therefore Yahweh blessed the sabbath day and made it holy.

Yahweh Will Drive Out Israel’s Enemies

[Exo 23:20-22 LSB] 20 "Behold, I am going to send an angel before you to keep you along the way and to bring you into the place which I have prepared. 21 "Keep watch [of yourself] before him and listen to his voice; do not be rebellious toward him, for he will not pardon your transgression, since My name is in him. 22 "But if you truly listen to his voice and do all that I speak, then I will be an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries.

Yahweh Cuts His Covenant with Israel

[Exo 24:4 LSB] 4 And Moses wrote down all the words of Yahweh. Then he arose early in the morning and built an altar at the foot of the mountain with twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Israel.

[Exo 24:7 LSB] 7 Then he took the book of the covenant and read [it] in the hearing of the people; and they said, "All that Yahweh has spoken we will do, and we will be obedient!"

[Exo 24:18 LSB] 18 Then Moses entered the midst of the cloud as he went up to the mountain; and Moses was on the mountain forty days and forty nights.

Contributions for the Sanctuary

[Exo 25:2 LSB] 2 "Speak with the sons of Israel so that they take a contribution for Me; from every man whose heart is willing you shall take My contribution.

[Exo 25:8-9 LSB] 8 "And let them make a sanctuary for Me, that I may dwell among them. 9 "According to all that I am going to show you, [as] the pattern of the tabernacle and the pattern of all its furniture, just so you shall make [it].

[Heb 8:4-5 LSB] 4 Now if He were on earth, He would not be a priest at all, since there are those who offer the gifts according to the Law; 5 who serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things, just as Moses was warned [by God] when he was about to erect the tabernacle; for, "SEE," He says, "THAT YOU MAKE all things ACCORDING TO THE PATTERN WHICH WAS SHOWN YOU ON THE MOUNTAIN."

The Ark of the Testimony

[Exo 25:22 LSB] 22 "There I will meet with you; and from above the mercy seat, from between the two cherubim which are upon the ark of the testimony, I will speak to you about all which I will command you for the sons of Israel.

[Heb 4:16 LSB] 16 Therefore let us draw near with confidence to the throne of grace, so that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.

[Rth 2:12 LSB] 12 "May Yahweh fully repay your work, and may your wages be full from Yahweh, the God of Israel, under whose wings you have come to seek refuge."

Bread of the Presence

Exodus 25:30 LSB — “You shall set the bread of the Presence on the table before Me at all times.

1 Samuel 21:6 LSB — So the priest gave him consecrated bread; for there was no bread there but the bread of the Presence which was removed from before Yahweh, in order to put hot bread in its place when it was taken away.

The Golden Lampstand

Exodus 25:37 LSB — “Then you shall make its lamps seven in number; and they shall mount its lamps so as to shed light on the space in front of it.

Hebrews 9:2 LSB — For there was a tabernacle prepared: the first part, in which were the lampstand and the table and the sacred bread, which is called the holy place.

Revelation 1:12-13 LSB — Then I turned to see the voice that was speaking with me. And having turned I saw seven golden lampstands; and in the middle of the lampstands I saw one like a son of man, clothed in a robe reaching to the feet, and girded across His chest with a golden sash.

Instructions for Making the Tabernacle

https://www.esv.org/resources/esv-global-study-bible/illustration-02-tabernacle-tent/

The Bronze Altar

The Court of the Tabernacle

The Priests’ Garments

The High Priest’s Holy Garments

The illustration depicts the holy garments worn by the high priests (Exodus 28; 39).

The turban of fine linen held a plate of pure shining gold, on which were engraved the Hebrew words for “Holy to YHWH.”

The ephod (a colorful linen torso garment held by a skillfully woven waistband) had two shoulder pieces, each holding an onyx stone. The names of the 12 sons of Israel were engraved on these two stones. The cloth breastpiece of judgment had four rows, each with three precious stones. Each of these stones had engraved upon it the name of one of the tribes of Israel. The breastpiece also contained the Urim and the Thummim, and was attached to the ephod by gold chains and rings. The blue robe was worn under the ephod (Lev. 8:7–8); colorful imitation pomegranates lined the hem of the robe, alternating with golden bells. The white coat or tunic of checkered weave and fine linen was probably held by the embroidered sash under the robe.

Setting Apart the Priests

Slaughtering the Offerings

Yahweh Will Meet and Speak to Israel

[Exo 29:43-44 LSB] 43 "I will meet there with the sons of Israel, and it shall be set apart as holy by My glory. 44 "I will set the tent of meeting and the altar apart as holy; I will also set Aaron and his sons apart as holy to minister as priests to Me.

[Exo 29:45-46 LSB] 45 "I will dwell among the sons of Israel and will be their God. 46 "They shall know that I am Yahweh their God who brought them out of the land of Egypt, that I might dwell among them; I am Yahweh their God.

[2Co 6:16 LSB] 16 Or what agreement has a sanctuary of God with idols? For we are a sanctuary of the living God; just as God said, "I WILL DWELL IN THEM AND WALK AMONG THEM; AND I WILL BE THEIR GOD, AND THEY SHALL BE MY PEOPLE.

[Jhn 14:23 LSB] 23 Jesus answered and said to him, "If anyone loves Me, he will keep My word; and My Father will love him, and We will come to him and make Our dwelling with him. 

The Altar of Incense

The Census and the Atonement Price

The Laver for the Priestly Washing

The Holy Anointing Oil

The Incense

Bezalel and Oholiab

The Sign of the Sabbath

Does God require Sabbath-keeping of Christians?

Exodus 31:13 LSB — “But as for you, speak to the sons of Israel, saying, ‘You shall surely keep My sabbaths; for this is a sign between Me and you throughout your generations, that you may know that I am Yahweh who makes you holy.

Colossians 2:16-17 LSB — Therefore, no one is to judge you in food and drink, or in respect to a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath day— things which are only a shadow of what is to come; but the substance belongs to Christ.

The Golden Calf

Moses and the Tent of Meeting

Moses and the Glory of Yahweh

Stone Tablets Like the Former Ones

Yahweh Cuts a Covenant with Israel

[Exo 34:14 LSB] 14 --for you shall not worship any other god, for Yahweh, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God--

The Shining Face of Moses

[Exo 34:34-35 LSB] 34 But whenever Moses went in before Yahweh to speak with Him, he would take off the veil until he came out; and then he would come out and speak to the sons of Israel what he had been commanded, 35 and the sons of Israel would see the face of Moses, that the skin of Moses' face shone. So Moses would return the veil over his face until he went in to speak with Him.

The Sabbath Command

Willing Hearts Contribute to Yahweh

[Exo 35:5 LSB] 5 'Take from among you a contribution to Yahweh; whoever is of a willing heart, let him bring it as a contribution to Yahweh: gold, silver, and bronze,

[Exo 35:10 LSB] 10 'And let everyone wise at heart among you come and make all that Yahweh has commanded:

Contributions Brought by the People

[Exo 35:21 LSB] 21 And everyone whose heart stirred him and everyone whose spirit was willing came [and] brought the contribution to Yahweh for the work of the tent of meeting and for all its service and for the holy garments.

[Exo 35:34 LSB] 34 "He also has put in his heart to teach, both he and Oholiab, the son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan. 

[Eph 4:11-12 LSB] 11 And He Himself gave some [as] apostles, and some [as] prophets, and some [as] evangelists, and some [as] pastors and teachers, 12 for the equipping of the saints for the work of service, to the building up of the body of Christ,

Making the Tabernacle

Making the Ark of the Testimony

Making the Table

Making the Lampstand

Making the Altar of Incense

Making the Altar of Burnt Offering

Making the Laver of Bronze

Making the Court

The Things Numbered for the Tabernacle

Making the Holy Garments

Exodus 39:42 LSB — Thus, according to all that Yahweh had commanded Moses, so the sons of Israel did in all their service.

Setting Up the Tabernacle

The Glory of Yahweh

Exodus 40:34 LSB — Then the cloud covered the tent of meeting, and the glory of Yahweh filled the tabernacle.